高考英语语法精讲与精练 ：第五章 动 词与动词短语 第五章 动词与动词短语精讲与精练 一、动词与动词短语讲前练：在空格处填入适当的单 词（1 个） Mr. Green has a beautiful garden. He keeps an eye [1]_________ it carefully every day. He thinks it [2]__________ sense to plant some vegetables in it. And he keeps the vegetables free from chemicals, which does good [3]_________ his health. His neighbors look [4]________ to Mr. Green, who often turn [5]_________ him for advice when they come [6]_______ problems,which can’t be figured [7]_________ on their own. This accounts [8]__________ Mr. Green’s kindness and popularity. Last Sunday I paid a visit to Mr. Green. He gave me some advice on how to get rid [9]______pests and take advantage [10]_________ the modern technology to produce tasty vegetables, which made me pleased. Keys:1.on 2.makes 3.to 4.up 5.to 6.across 7.out 8.for 9.of 10.of 【account for 说明，解释，导致 figure out 弄清楚， 弄明白，计算出，解决】 二、动词与动词短语考点精讲： 动词与动词短语考点 1、动词的分类： 1.行为动词 (1) 及 物 动 词 （ 可 以 直 接 带 宾 语 ） He gave me some advice on how to get rid of pets. (2)不及物动词（不可以直接带宾语） A traffic accident happened on the Hong Xing road yesterday. 2.系动词【系动词后常接形容词做表语，不接副词尤其 是以 ly 结尾的副词作表语】 1)、表示“是”的动词 be。这个词在不同的主语后面 和不同的时态中有不同的形式 is，am，are，was，were，have/has been 等要特别予以注 意。 例如：He was a soldier two years ago.两年前他是个士兵。 2)、表示“感觉”的动词，如 look（看起来），feel （觉得，摸起来），smell（闻起来），sound（听起来）， taste（尝起来）等，例如： The story sounds interesting.这个故事听起来很有趣。 3)、表示“变”、“变成”的意思的动词，如 become, go, get, grow, turn,come(true),fall(ill/asleep) 都解释为“变”、 “变得”，例如： She became a college student.=She turned college student. 她成了一名大学生。 4) 、 表 “ 保 持 和 好 像 ” 等 含 义 的 动 词 如 keep,stay, remain，seem,appear,prove It is important to keep healthy. 3.情态动词：can(could),must, may(might),should ，had better, would rather, have to【情态动词后必须接动词原形】 4.助动词：这类词本身无词义，不能单独作谓语，只能 与主要动词一起构成谓语，表示不同的时态、语态、表示 句子的否定和疑问，例如： (1)do、does、did：构成否定句或疑问句【这类助动词 后必须接动词原形】 He does not speak English well.他英语讲得不好。 （句中的 does 是助动词，既表示一般现在时，又与 not 一起构成否定形式。） (2)is、am、are、were、was：构成进行时态、完成进行 时或被动语态 Football is played all over the world.全世界都踢足球。 （ 句 中 的 is 是 助 动 词 ， 和 played 一 起 构 成 被 动 语 态。） (3)has、have、had：构成完成时态 When I got to the cinema, the film had begun.当我到达电 影院时，电影已经开始了。 (4)will、shall、would:构成将来时态【这类助动词后必 须接动词原形】 I shall write to you again at the end of the month. 月底我 再给你写封信。 （shall 与 write 构成一般将来时,shall 用于将来时只用在 I 和 we 的后面。） 动词与动词短语考点 2、常考高频动词短语 感知真题：在空格处填入适当的词（1 词） 1.【2017 天津卷改编】Mr. and Mrs. Brown would like to see their daughter settle_________, get married, and have kids. Keys:down【settle down 定居;安顿下来】 2.【2017 江苏改编】 Working with the medical team in Africa has brought_______ the best in her as a doctor. Keys:out 【bring out 使显现，出版，阐明】 3. 【 2016 江 苏 改 编 】 Many businesses started up by college students have taken________thanks to the comfortable climate for business creation. Keys:off 【take off 起飞，成功， 受欢迎】 4. 【 2016 江 苏 改 编 】 Parents should actively urge their children to take advantage______the opportunity to join sports teams. Key:of 【 take advantage of 利用】 5. 【 2016 浙 江 改 编 】 12.When their children lived far away from them , these old people felt cut ______from the world. Keys: off 【cut off 切断】 动词与动词短语考点 3、熟词生义词汇 翻译下列句子并注意黑体字的含义 1.The school admits 200 new boys and girls every year. Key:学校每年招收 200 名新生。【admit:熟义：承认， 允许生义：招收，接纳】 2.Book in advance if you want to be sure of a seat. Key: 如 果 你 要 确 保 有 座 位 ， 你 就 提 前 预 定 【 book: 熟 义 ： 书生义：预定】 3.A journalist was sent tocoverthe traffic accident. Key:一个记者被派去采访这次的交通事故。【cover:熟 义：覆盖，封面，盖子生义：采访，涉及】 4.But she was heart-broken about losing several rolls of Kodak color film she had not yet developed. Keys:但是她非常伤心，因为丢失了几卷还未冲洗的柯 达胶卷。【film:熟义：电影生义：胶卷】【develop: 熟义： 发展生义：冲洗】 5.The boy first showed promise as an athlete in primary school. Keys:这个男孩在上小学的时候就初次显示出成为运动 员 的潜 力 / 希 望 。 【 promise: 熟义 ：承 诺生 义： 希望 ，迹 象 ， 预示】 三、动词与动词短语应考技巧 重点要在理解的基础上熟记常用动词和动词短语的含 义与用法。 四、考点精练 (一)完形填空（2021 年新高考 I 卷） 【以此真题说明动词与动词短语是高考完形填空中的 考查重点】 语言运用 第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分）图片 My life as a tax-paying employed person began in middle school, when, for three whole days, I worked in a baking factory.图片 My best friend Betsy’s father was a manager at Hough Bakeries, which, at Easter time, 41 little bunny ( 兔 子 ) cakes for all its 42throughout Cleveland. It happened that the plant downtown needed eight kids for 43help during our spring break, for which I had no44beyond listening to my favorite records. I’d45minimum wage. I’d see how a factory46. My parents thought all of this was a grand idea and called Betsy’s dad with their47.图片