高考英语语法精讲与精练：第九章 主谓 一致精讲与精练 一、主谓一致讲前练：用所给单词的适当形式或用适 当的单词（1 个）填空 Our school library ,along with many other buildings, [1]___________(be)very different from other schools’. There [2]________ (be) two computer rooms, three art rooms, a meeting room and a reading room in the library building. The number of the books [3] ________ (be)large, and It is said that all the books cost our school 200, 000 dollars. Maybe 200, 000 dollars [4]________ (be)large to every student. The number of the students who [5] ________ (have)a thirst for knowledge is increasing day by day. Nowadays, our library has been developed into a multifunctional building. There are 50 computers in it. Many a student [6]________ (like)to surf the Internet at weekends here, and now you can see that my classmates, Mike and John [7]________ (play)computer games there. When you turn to another room, you will find that a professor and writer [8] ________ (deliver)a speech. Each boy and each girl [9]__________(focus)on his interesting speech. Every time there is a wonderful speech, the audience always [10]__________(cheer) up. You are entering our art exhibition. A teacher with his students [11]________(be) in the room. On the wall [12]__________(be)100 pictures, which attract many students. An expert and teacher is explaining something important to us. Keys: 1is 2.are 3.is 4.is 5.have 6.likes 7.are playing 8.is delivering 9.is focusing 10.cheer 11.is 12.are 二、主谓一致考点精讲： 主谓一致考点 1、就近原则 1、当两个主语由 either....or, neither....nor, not only....but also ,whether....or，or 连接时，谓语动词和邻近的主语保持 一致,即就近一致。 EG1：Not only the teacher but also the students are our friends. EG2: Either you or he is to do it. 2、there be 句型中 be 动词的单复数取决于其后的主语。 如果其后是由 and 连接的两个主语，则应与靠近的那个主 语保持一致，即就近一致。 EG3: There is a desk and two chairs in the room. EG4: There are two chairs and a deskin the room. 主谓一致考点 2、承前原则 主 语 后 面 跟 有 with, together with, along with, except, but, besides,in addition to, like, as well as, no less than(和…一 样), rather than（而不是）, including, instead of 等引起的短 语， 谓语动词要跟这些介词（短语）前的主语保持一致。 EG5:The teacher, as well as his students, was invited to the ceremony. EG6:Tom including his parents has gone to Africa. →Tom’sparents including him have gone to Africa. 主谓一致考点 3、其它主谓一致常考考点 1、--ing,to do 和从句作主语，谓语动词用单数。 EG7 ： Going to a British high school for one year was a very enjoyable and exciting experience. EG8: To meet you is really a nice experience. EG9: When the meeting will begin hasn’t been decided yet. EG10:What is important to him are the experiences of his life. 解析：what(所....的东西/话/事)引导的主语从句作主语 时，要根据句意和上下文判断它表达的是单数概念还是复 数概念。表单数概念用单数动词，表复数概念用复数动词。 EG11: What he said was not right. 【what 从句表示“他 所说的”是个抽象概念，故用单数动词】 EG12: What I need are some good reference books. 【what 从句表示“我所需要的东西（一些好书）”是个具 体的复数概念，故用复数动词】 2.由分数、百分数以及类似于 a number of, a lot of/lots of, plenty of,a great deal of…的数量词修饰的名词作主语，谓 语单复数由被修饰的名词决定。 EG: A lot of books are needed. EG: A great deal of water is needed. 注意：quantity 以及表示“种类、组、群”的词（如： group，class，type，pair）修饰名词作主语时，谓语动词的 单复数形式要由这些限定词的单复数形式决定。 EG: A large quantity of books is needed. EG: Large quantities of water are needed. EG: A group of people is waiting for you. 3.many a/an+n(许多)，more than one(不止一个)做主语， 其谓语动词要用单数形式。 EG13: Many a student is not interested in English at all. EG14: More than one book is needed. 4.在定语从句里，关系代词 that, who, which 等作主语 时，其谓语动词的数应与句中先行词的数一致。 EG15: Those who want to go please write their names on the blackboard. EG16: He is one of the students who like sports. 【此句 定语从句的先行词是 the students】 EG17: He is the (only) one of the students who likes sports. 【此句定语从句的先行词是 the (only) one】 5.在强调句型中如强调的是主语，谓语应与被强调部分 一致。 EG18: It is my parents who are teachers. EG19: It is I who am a teacher. EG20: It is Jack who is a teacher. 6.（1）a number of +复数名词主语，谓语用复数 （2）the number of +复数名词的数就得依 number 而定 （用单数）。 EG21:A number of students have gone to the farm to help the farmer pick apples. EG22: The number of pages in this book is three hundred. 7. 由 集 体 名 词 government, family, class, enemy, army, group, committee, majority 等作主语时，若指整体意义，则 用单数谓语；若指个体意义，则用复数谓语。 EG: Our class has won the first place in the football match. 【强调我们班赢得比赛，而参加篮球赛的可能只有几个 人】 EG: My family are watching TV at home. 【强调我的一家 人在看电视】 8.“定冠词 the+形容词或分词”作主语，表某“一类 人”时，谓语动词用复数。 EG23：The elderly are taken good care of there. “the+形容词”作主语，表示“一类物”时，谓语动词 用单数。 EG24: The beautiful is not always the useful. EG25: The unknown is always something to be feared. 9.四则运算以及表示时间、