高考英语语法精讲与精练 ： 动词时态与语态 一、动词时态与语态讲前练：用所给单词的适当形式或用适当 的单词（1 个）填空 I [1]_______ (have) dinner at a restaurant when Tony Steele came in. Tony [2]______ (work) in a lawyer's office years ago, but he [3]________ (work) at a bank now. He [4]______ (get) a good salary, but he always [5]_______ (borrow) money from his friends and never [6]______ (pay) it back. Tony [7]_____ (see) me and [8]_______ (sit) at the same table. He [9]___ never [10]__________ (borrow) money from me. While he [11]___________ (eat), I asked him to lend me twenty pounds. To my surprise, he [12]_____ (give) me the money immediately. 'I have never borrowed any money from you,' Tony said, 'so now you can pay for my dinner!' 讲前练小结：1）有关时态的试题要重点关注时间状语、上下 文体现的时间关系和句型中的时态问题，2）牢记不规则动词的变 化。 Keys:1. was having 2. worked 3. is working 4.gets 5. borrows 6. pays 7. saw 8.. sat 9. has 10. borrowed 11. was eating 12. gave 二、动词时态与语态考点精讲： 动词时态与语态考点 1、主要的时态的形式及含义 考点对练 1:用所给动词的适当形式填空 1.【2021·浙江高考卷】It doesn't impress like George Washington's plantation on the Potomac, but Lincoln's home in downtown Springfield, Illinois, 36 （ prove ） irresistible to visitors since it opened to the public. Key:has proved/has proven 句意：它不像乔治华盛顿在 波托马克河畔的种植园那样给人留下深刻印象，但林肯在伊利诺 伊州斯普林菲尔德市中心的家，自从向公众开放以来，就被证明 对游客来说是不可抗拒的。分析句子成分可知，设空处作谓语动 词，Lincoln’s home in downtown Springfield Illinois 作主 语；结合句意及设空处后的时间状语从句 since it opened to the public 可知，此处指过去发生的事情对现在造成的影响，符 合现在完成时概念，故设空处用现在完成时；现在完成时结构是 has/have + 过 去 分 词 ； 主 语 Lincoln’s home in downtown Springfield Illinois 是第三人称单数，所以助动词用 has，提 示 词 prove 的 过 去 分 词 形 式 是 proved 或 proven 。 故 填 has proved/ has proven。 2. 【 2017· 江 苏 卷 改 编 】 27. He hurried home, never once looking back to see if he __________（follow）.Key: was being followed 3.【2017·北京卷改编】33. People________ (has)better access to health care than they used to, and they’re living longer as a result. Key:have 4.【2017·北京卷改编】29. In the 1950s in the USA, most families had just one phone at home, and wireless phones ___________________ (not invent)yet. Key：hadn’t been invented 5.【2016·北京改编】23. —Excuse me, which movie are you waiting for? —The new Star Wars. We _______________ (wait) here for more than two hours. Key:have been waiting 6.【2016·北京改编】25. I ________(read) half of the English novel, and I’ll try to finish it at the weekend. Key: have read 7. 【 2016· 北 京 改 编 】 30. The students have been working hard on their lessons and their efforts ______________ (reward) with success in the end. Key:will be rewarded 8.【2015·重庆改编】1. —Is Peter coming? — No, he_____________ (change) his mind after a phone call at the last minute. Key: changed 动词时态与语态考点 2、常考的含时态的句型 1、was /were about to do….when…正要做某事…这时突 然… 2、was/were doing….when…. 正在做某事…这时突然… 3、had done….when….. 刚做完某事…这时突然… 4、was/were on the point of doing ….when…. 正要做 某事…这时突然….. 5 、 had hardly done ....when....did= had no sooner done.....than....did...一......就..... 6、It [This] is the first time＋that-结构中，that-从 句通常用现在完成时 EG:It is the second time that I have visited Africa. 7、It [This] is the 最高级+名词＋that-结构中，that从句通常用现在完成时 EG ： This is the most delicious food that I have eaten. 8、plan, hope, intend, want, mean 等表示计划、准备、 安排等的动词，它们的过去完成时态表示未曾实现的过去愿望。I had planned to attend the lecture, but I forgot it. 9、… ago 用于一般过去和过去进行时态 见到 by 用完成 时态。by now 现在完成时态 by 2005 过去完成时态 by 2050 将来完成时态 10 、 含 有 时 间 状 语 recently ， since....., in the past/last two years,never, for two years, three times(twice), so far=up to now=up to the present 现在完成 (进行)时态。 考点对练 2:用所给动词的适当形式填空或填入适当的词（1 个） 1. 【 2020• 浙 江 高 考 】 By about 6000 BC, people 　 61 (discover) the best crops to grow and animals to raise. Key：had discovered。考查时态。根据 By about 6000 BC 可知,此处用过去完成时。 2.【2017·天津卷改编】8. I ________（drive）down to London when I suddenly found that I was on the wrong road.Key: was driving 3.【2016·北京改编】21. Jack ________ （work）in the lab when the power cut occurred. Key:was working 4. If it _____________(not rain) tomorrow, the students will go to the movies. Key: doesn’t rain 5.John is always ______________(help) others. Key:h elping 6.I ____________(learn) 900 English words by the ti me I was ten. 7. 【 2015· 福 建 改 编 】 30.—Where is Peter? I can't find him anywhere. —He went to the library after breakfast and______________(write) his essay there ever since. Key: has been writing 8. 【 2014· 全 国 大 纲 卷 改 编 】 32.The reports went missing in 2012 and nobody __________ (see)them since. Key: has seen 9.. So far this year we _________